Pipeline (Unix)

In Unix-like computer operating systems (and, to some extent, Microsoft Windows), a pipeline is a set of processes chained by their standard streams, so that the output of each process (stdout) feeds directly as input (stdin) to the next one. Filter programs are often used in this configuration.

The concept of pipelines was invented by Douglas McIlroy at Unix's ancestral home of Bell Labs, prior to the actual invention of the operating system, and implemented in Unix at his insistence, shaping its toolbox philosophy. It is named by analogy to a physical pipeline. The standard shell syntax for pipelines is to list multiple programs to invoke in one command, separated by vertical bars:

Each program is assumed to take input and give output on its standard streams. Each "|" tells the shell to connect the standard output of the left program to the standard input of the right program by an inter-process communication mechanism called an (anonymous) pipe, implemented in the operating system. Since pipes are unidirectional, data flows through the pipeline from left to right.

Pipeline (comics)

Pipeline (Cormick Grimshaw) is a fictional character, a mutant in the Marvel Comics Universe. His first appearance was in Uncanny X-Men #235 (1988).

Fictional character biography

As a member of the Genoshan Press Gang, Pipeline was exempt from the mutate process that his fellow mutants were subjected to, and served his country faithfully. He participates in the raid that captures four of the X-Men's charges. This takes places on the grounds of the X-Men mansion, in Salem Center, New York, a violation of American sovereignty. One of the prisoners, Warlock, did not survive subsequent imprisonment. He also participates in a second raid on US soil, attacking an airport in an attempt to get at Rene Majcomb.

After the fall of the Genoshan government, Pipeline fought in the resulting civil war on the side of the Magistrates. According to claims he made, he lost his home and family in this war.

Cable

During a raid on a mutate camp, he was captured by Cable and telepathically forced to help. He, Cable, Domino, Jenny Ransome and Phillip Moreau investigated clues to a new mutate facility, eventually discovering that the otherdimensional Sugar Man was behind the mutate process. He soon changed his loyalty, agreeing to work with the rebels to bring peace to Genosha.

Transformers (toy line)

The Transformers (トランスフォーマー, Toransufomā) is a line of toys produced by the Japanese company Takara (now known as Takara Tomy) and American toy company Hasbro. The Transformers toyline was created from toy molds mostly produced by Japanese company Takara in the toylines Diaclone and Microman. Other toy molds from other companies such as Bandai were used as well. In 1984, Hasbro bought the distribution rights to the molds and rebranded them as the Transformers for distribution in North America. Hasbro would go on to buy the entire toy line from Takara, giving them sole ownership of the Transformers toy-line, branding rights, and copyrights, while in exchange, Takara was given the rights to produce the toys and the rights to distribute them in the Japanese market. The premise behind the Transformers toyline is that an individual toy's parts can be shifted about to change it from a vehicle, a device, or an animal, to a robot action figure and back again. The taglines "More Than Meets The Eye" and "Robots In Disguise" reflect this ability.

Army ranks and insignia of India

The following tables present the ranks of the Indian army. These ranks generally correspond with those of Western militaries, and in particular reflect those of the British and Commonwealth armies. Traditional names for ranks are still used, as well as Western names.

Field marshal

India has a field marshal rank, but it is mostly ceremonial. There are no field marshals in the army organizational structure at present and it has been conferred on only two officers in the past, the late Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw and the late Field Marshal K M Cariappa.

Field marshals hold their rank for life, and are considered to be serving officers until their death. Unlike other officers, they do not draw a pension. A field marshal gets the full pay of a general equal to the Chief of the Army Staff. He wears full uniform on all official occasions and runs an office in army headquarters. He also has a dedicated secretariat of his own.

Ranks and Insignia

Current ranks

Ranks no longer in use

Major (manga)

Major is a sports manga series by Takuya Mitsuda. It has been serialized in Shōnen Sunday and has been collected in 78 tankōbon volumes. In 1996, it received the Shogakukan Manga Award for shōnen.

The manga series concluded in the 32nd issue of Shōnen Sunday for 2010, while the 78th and final volume of the manga series was released in the middle of December 2010 together with a special original video animation (OVA).

The series has been adapted into an anime series produced by NHK and Studio Hibari titled Major (メジャー, Mejā) (using katakana instead of the manga's English characters). The first episode aired on November 13, 2004. The series ran for six seasons and the final episode originally aired on September 25, 2010. An animated film telling the story between the first and second seasons of the anime was released on December 13, 2008. Two OVAs were released on December 16, 2011, and January 18, 2012. They deal with The World Series chapter, which was skipped in the TV series.

Ulmus × hollandica 'Major'

Ulmus × hollandica 'Major' is a distinctive cultivar that in England came to be known specifically as the Dutch Elm, although all naturally occurring Field Elm Ulmus minor × Wych Elm U. glabra hybrids are loosely termed 'Dutch elm' (U. × hollandica). It is also known by the cultivar name 'Hollandica'.

A native of Picardy and northern France, where it was known from the fifteenth to nineteenth centuries as ypereau or ypreau, the tree was introduced to England from the Netherlands in the late seventeenth century as a fashion-elm associated with William & Mary, the name 'Dutch Elm' having been coined by Queen Mary's resident botanist Dr Leonard Plukenet.

The epithet 'Major' was first adopted by Smith in Sowerby's English Botany 36: t. 2542, published in 1814, identifying the tree as Ulmus major. Krüssmann formally recognized the tree as the cultivar U. × hollandica 'Major' in 1962

Description

In areas unaffected by Dutch elm disease, 'Major' often attains a height of > 30 m, with a short bole and irregular, wide-spreading branches. In open-grown specimens, the canopy is less dense than that of the English elm or Wych elm. The bark of the trunk is dark and deeply fissured and, like English elm, forms irregular 'plates' in mature specimens, serving to distinguish it from the Huntingdon Elm (latticed bark), the other commonly planted U. × hollandica in the UK.